Setting: University hearing research laboratories
and audiology clinics.
Patients: Fifty-five adults with hearing loss in at least 1 ear ranging from mild to severe.
Intervention: Automated measurement of pure tone air conduction thresholds using the following: a software-controlled adaptive method, and a user-controlled method of adjustment, both implemented on a calibrated iPad and using standard audiometry earphones.
Main Outcome Measure: Test-retest reliability of both methods, comparison of thresholds measured with automated techniques to thresholds measured using manual audiometry.
Results: For both iPad methods, Screening Library cell line test-retest differences were smaller than those reported in other studies for manual audiometry. Average automated versus manual threshold
differences were within the range of expected variance of manual audiometry. Subjects preferred the adjustment method.
Conclusion: Both iPad self-test methods yield accurate and reliable pure tone air conduction thresholds.”
“Although relative survival for breast cancer has improved in recent years, patients who present with metastatic disease have a less than 30% 5-year survival. Thus, improvements in treatment for these patients have the potential to have a significant impact on outcomes. Historically, removal of the primary breast tumor has been offered to these patients only for palliation. However, there have been recent reports that removal of the primary tumor may improve survival. Here, click here we review the theories and data at the center of the debate, the landmark studies that historically guided treatment, the retrospective data that revisited the role of removal of the primary tumor, as well as the latest advances in basic science and the accruing clinical studies to provide for future directions in this field. Although the definitive role of removal of the primary tumor in metastatic breast cancer is not settled, it is critical to understand the complexities of this debate in order to make further gains in breast cancer survivorship.”
“Objective: To review and discuss the risks and impact of hypoglycemia and provide guidance for the prevention of hypoglycemia in type
2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods: We review and discuss the risks and impact of hypoglycemia, providing specific guidance regarding the prevention of hypoglycemia and judicial selection of glucose-lowering agents CBL0137 clinical trial in individuals with T2DM.
Results: Hypoglycemia in T2DM is underrecognized and underreported. Emerging evidence from large clinical trials suggest that hypoglycemia may be an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality in T2DM. In addition, hypoglycemia is associated with reduced quality of life, greater healthcare utilization costs, and poor adherence to medical regiments.
Conclusion: These findings have led professional organizations to emphasize the prevention of hypoglycemia as an important consideration when initiating or intensifying treatment regimens.