Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a major downstream target of Akt, regulates p70S6 kinase and S6, both of which are involved in ribosomal biogenesis and protein synthesis. I investigated whether ferulic acid regulates mTOR, p70S6 kinase, and S6 phosphorylation during brain ischemic injury.
Rats were treated immediately with vehicle or ferulic acid (100 mg/kg, i.v.) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Brains tissues were removed at 24 h after the onset of MCAO and the cerebral cortex regions were collected. Selleck FHPI Ferulic acid reduced the MCAO-induced infarct volume. I showed previously that ferulic acid prevents the MCAO injury-induced decrease of Akt phosphorylation. In this study, MCAO injury induced decreases in mTOR, p70S6 kinase, and S6 phosphorylation levels, while ferulic acid attenuated the injury-induced decreases. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that ferulic acid prevented the MCAO-induced reduction in the number of positive cells for phosphorylated p70S6 kinase and phosphorylated S6. These findings suggest that ferulic acid has a neuroprotective function against focal cerebral ischemia by modulating p70S6 kinase expression and S6 phosphorylation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Low molecular weight iron dextran
(LMWID) is licensed for use as a total dose infusion (TDI) over 4-6 h. In order to improve patient convenience and cost-effectiveness of therapy, we investigated the safety and efficacy of adopting accelerated dosing regimens and compared this with a standard rate LMWID infusion.
Methods: A retrospective study of patients undergoing accelerated Selonsertib mouse and standard rate TDI of LMWID was conducted across three centres. A total of 1904 doses of LMWID were administered at an accelerated rate of 1
g over 1 h 40 min. This was compared with 395 patients who had standard rate infusion of 1 g LMWID over 3-4 h.
Results: There were eight minor adverse events in patients receiving accelerated dose LMWID (8/1904, 0.42%) in comparison to one adverse Tryptophan synthase event in patients receiving a standard regimen (1/395, 0.25%). No serious adverse events occurred. Serum haemoglobin and ferritin significantly improved in both groups.
Conclusion: TDI LMWID is a safe and efficacious method of iron replacement. Accelerated infusion regimen is safe and compares well with standard rate infusion regimen. Furthermore, accelerated TDI of LMWID enables greater numbers of patients to be treated and consequently there appear to be advantages for both patient and health resources.”
“The genome from the Saccharomyces pastorianus industrial lager brewing strain Weihenstephan 34/70, a natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae/Saccharomyces eubayanus hybrid, indicated the presence of two different maltotriose transporter genes: a new gene in the S.eubayanus subgenome with 81% of homology to the AGT1 permease from S.cerevisiae, and an amplification of the S.